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| 1913 |
| | | A coup led by Enver Pasha brings the Young Turks to power in Istanbul | |
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| 1914 August 2 |
| | | Germany and the Ottoman empire sign a secret treaty of alliance | |
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| 1914 October 29 |
| | | Turkey, launching an attack on Russian ports in the Black Sea, enters the war on the German side | |
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| 1914 November 2 |
| | | Russia declares war on the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1914 November 5 |
| | | Britain and France declare war on the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1916 June 5 |
| | | Sharif Hussein, the emir of Mecca, proclaims himself the leader of the Muslim world, thus launching an Arab revolt against the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1918 October 30 |
| | | An armistice is signed between Turkey and the Allies on the warship Agamemnon in the Greek port of Mudros | |
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| 1920 August |
| | | A punitive peace treaty, negotiated at Sèvres, is designed to dismember the Ottoman empire | |
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| 1920 August 10 |
| | | The sultan of Turkey signs the Treaty of Sèvres with the Allies but it is rejected by the new nationalist government | |
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| 1922 |
| | | The nationalist government in Turkey abolishes the sultanate and the last Ottoman emperor, Mehmed VI, goes into exile | |
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